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The future of trade finance in sub-Saharan Africa amidst hard currency challenges

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currency

With foreign exchange shortages plaguing sub-Saharan African economies, Bank One’s Head of Trade, Gerald Ndosi, explains what measures can be taken to overcome US dollar liquidity challenges, promote trade finance, and foster sustainable economic growth in the region

PORT LOUIS, Mauritius, June 20, 2023/APO Group/ — 

International Trade is conducted in the currencies of major economic powers, largely the US dollar, European Union Euro, Japanese Yen, Chinese Yuan, and UK Pound Sterling. Thus, these currencies clearly have a major impact on how trade is conducted across borders globally, including on the African continent. By the same token, it is important to note that a foreign currency shortage occurs when the demand for the currency exceeds the available supply at the prevailing exchange rate.

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“Soberingly enough, over the last year, most countries in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) have experienced shortages of US dollars. Every African country has felt the impact – however the problem seems to be more severe in economies such as Kenya, Tanzania, Egypt, Zimbabwe, Nigeria, Ghana, and Zambia that rely on the US currency to pay off their foreign debts and fund critical imports of goods and services” says Gerald Ndosi.

What are the key factors contributing to the US dollar shortage?

Against this backdrop, the shortage of the US dollar in key economies in SSA has meant liquidity challenges that can impact trade finance and affect the overall pace of economic activities in the region, catalysed by a few key factors.

Firstly, commodity dependence can affect the volume of dollars available in African markets, as many countries in SSA heavily rely on commodity exports, such as crude oil, minerals, and agricultural products. Fluctuations in commodity prices, which are often denominated in US dollars, can lead to revenue volatility, and affect the availability of US dollars in the local markets.

Secondly, limited export diversification means that the concentration of exports in a few commodities or markets can limit foreign exchange earnings in US dollars. The lack of export diversification makes economies vulnerable to external shocks and reduces the inflow of US dollars, affecting liquidity in the local markets.

Limited access to international capital markets restricts their ability to address dollar liquidity shortages through external borrowing

Thirdly, high import dependence, which implies that sub-Saharan African countries often rely on imports for various goods and services – including essentials like food and fuel, can translate to a shortage of dollars as well. The need to pay for imports in US dollars puts pressure on their demand, especially when local currencies depreciate, or foreign exchange reserves are insufficient. Economic sanctions imposed by Western countries on Russia, including restrictions on its energy sector has contributed for the bulk of global oil price hikes over the last year, thus fuelling pressure on oil importing countries to source more dollars for import bill settlement.

Fourthly, capital outflows and debt servicing burdens can translate into a dollar drain, with SSA having experienced an exodus of capital due to factors like global economic conditions, changes in investor sentiment, and policy uncertainties, the servicing external debt obligations in US dollars can further strain dollar liquidity in the region.

Finally, limited access to international financial markets can compound the problem, as it means that some countries in SSA face challenges in accessing international financial markets and raising funds in US dollars. Limited access to international capital markets restricts their ability to address dollar liquidity shortages through external borrowing.

How can African economies overcome these challenges and promote trade finance?

Addressing these pressing challenges arising from the prevailing US dollar shortage and ensuring sustainable trade finance requires a mixed approach, putting into play multiple strategies such as:

  1. Economic Diversification, Export Promotion and Value Addition: Encouraging diversification of economies beyond commodities can reduce reliance on volatile export markets and enhance foreign exchange earnings, including US dollars. Likewise, promoting value addition in exports and expanding export markets can increase foreign exchange earnings in US dollars and reduce import dependence.
  2. Strengthening Local Currency Liquidity and Financial Institutions: Enhancing local currency liquidity through effective monetary policies, exchange rate stability, and deepening the local financial markets can reduce dependence on the US dollar for domestic transactions. On a related note, strengthening local financial institutions in Africa is essential for sustainable trade finance. By enhancing their capabilities and expanding their reach, these institutions can better support trade activities, provide liquidity, and facilitate financing options denominated in local currencies.
  3. Promoting Regional Integration and Local/Regional Currencies: Promoting regional economic integration and intra-regional trade can facilitate trade settlements in local currencies, reducing reliance on the US dollar for regional transactions. Here, African countries may explore using local currencies or regional currencies, such as the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) digital currency, to facilitate intra-African trade. This would reduce reliance on the US dollar and mitigate the impact of US dollar liquidity challenges.
  4. Enhancing Financial Sector Resilience: Strengthening domestic financial institutions, improving risk management frameworks, and encouraging innovation in financial services can enhance the resilience of the financial sector and promote trade finance. African countries can work towards strengthening regional financial infrastructure, including payment systems, clearing mechanisms, and settlement platforms. Enhanced regional integration would foster efficient trade finance processes within Africa, reducing the need for US dollar-based transactions and minimising associated liquidity challenges.
  5. Collaborative Partnerships: Collaborating with international partners, including multilateral development banks and foreign investors is critical, as they can provide support through technical assistance, investment, and capacity building to address US dollar liquidity challenges in SSA. Further, Development Finance Institutions (DFIs) such as the African Development Bank and regional development banks, can play a crucial role in providing trade finance facilities to bridge the liquidity gap. These institutions can offer financial products tailored to African businesses, mitigating risks associated with US dollar liquidity challenges and supporting trade activities.
  6. Settlement in Alternative Currencies: India and China are the biggest trading partners with most of the sub-Saharan African countries and recently, the Indian Central Bank (RBI) has allowed 18 countries, including 6 countries in SSA (Kenya, Tanzania, Seychelles, Mauritius, Botswana, and Uganda) to settle their international trade transactions in rupees. This initiative will help in reducing demand pressure on the US dollar by providing an alternative currency for settlement of international trade transactions.
  7. Harnessing technological innovations: On an overarching note, technology-driven innovations, such as blockchain and digital currencies can offer alternative solutions for trade finance in Africa. Blockchain-based platforms can facilitate secure and transparent trade finance transactions, while digital currencies can streamline cross-border payments and reduce dependence on US dollar liquidity.

By adopting these measures and pursuing a comprehensive strategy, sub-Saharan African countries can work towards overcoming US dollar liquidity challenges, promoting trade finance, and fostering sustainable economic growth in the region.

Trade finance in Africa to overcome challenges for a bright, sustainable future

Thus, despite the challenges posed by US dollar liquidity constraints, there are promising avenues auguring well for the future of trade finance in Africa.

Indeed, through currency diversification, regional integration, and collaborative efforts, suitably synergised by technological innovations, African countries can navigate the challenges and seize opportunities to promote trade, economic growth, and financial stability within the continent.

Distributed by APO Group on behalf of Bank One Limited.

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Non-Governmental Organisation (NGO) Campaigns Against Perenco Threaten Energy Development in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC)

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African Energy Chamber

Africa needs responsible energy investors that create jobs, support communities and expand energy access – not narratives that undermine the companies driving the continent’s development

JOHANNESBURG, South Africa, July 31, 2026/APO Group/ –Fresh criticism of Perenco’s operations in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) has once again brought one of Africa’s biggest energy development challenges the fore: NGO-led smear campaigns.

While framed as a challenge to one company’s environmental performance, the campaign reflects a broader pattern of NGO-led attacks on African oil development. As the voice of the African energy sector, the African Energy Chamber (AEC) strongly condemns the attack, recognizing it as a direct attempt to stop Perenco’s activities, limit DRC oil exploration and prevent any meaningful development across the country’s economy.

 

The scrutiny follows allegations published by Human Rights Watch regarding environmental impacts linked to Perenco’s operations in Muanda, as well as a government-commissioned environmental review that identified areas requiring further attention. Perenco has disputed aspects of the findings, maintaining that it operates in accordance with applicable regulations and has implemented environmental management measures across its operations.

 

For the AEC, this latest report demonstrates a tactic whereby NGOs rely on sensationalized rhetoric rather than facts and technical evaluations to promote a false narrative about energy companies’ operations. This approach has been seen across other smear campaigns, and the AEC strongly urges the Government of the DRC to be careful not to fall into this trap.

 

Perenco has spent more than two decades operating in the DRC, creating jobs, supporting communities, investing in infrastructure and helping deliver energy where it is needed most

Perenco has operated in the DRC for more than two decades, establishing itself as the country’s only producing oil operator through its onshore subsidiary Perenco Rep and offshore subsidiary Muanda International Oil Company. The company’s operations support average combined production of approximately 19,500 barrels of oil per day and employ around 1,500 DRC nationals, contributing to local economic activity and the country’s energy sector.

 

Beyond production, Perenco has invested in infrastructure and community development initiatives in Muanda. Through its 20 MW gas-fired power plant, the company supplies electricity to local installations, including those of the Société Nationale d’Électricité, while also providing power to the city of Muanda and surrounding villages.

The company has also supported community programs focused on education, healthcare, infrastructure, water access, electricity, employment, culture, sport and environmental initiatives. Across its global operations, Perenco has highlighted efforts to improve environmental management, reduce emissions and strengthen operational efficiency.

“Africa cannot afford to drive away the companies that are investing in our future,” said NJ Ayuk, Executive Chairman of the AEC. “Perenco has spent more than two decades operating in the DRC, creating jobs, supporting communities, investing in infrastructure and helping deliver energy where it is needed most. Companies operating in Africa must be held accountable, but accountability cannot become a pretext for undermining responsible investors who are helping African countries develop their resources and fight energy poverty.”

The AEC believes responsible resource development requires both strong environmental oversight and recognition of the companies working to create economic opportunity across the continent. Africa cannot achieve industrialization, strengthen energy security or expand access to reliable power without investment from experienced operators with the technical expertise and capital required to develop its resources.

The DRC, like many African countries, faces the challenge of balancing environmental protection with the need to leverage its natural resources for economic transformation. Achieving this balance requires strong regulatory institutions, transparent processes and partnerships between governments, companies and communities.

As global competition for energy investment intensifies, Africa must ensure that legitimate environmental discussions do not become a broader deterrent to responsible development. The continent’s future depends on attracting companies committed to long-term partnerships, responsible operations and delivering shared value.

The AEC will continue advocating for an energy sector that supports both environmental responsibility and economic progress, recognizing that Africa’s development goals require investment, expertise and partnerships.

Distributed by APO Group on behalf of African Energy Chamber.

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Venezuela Energy Week’s London Showcase Highlights Competitive New Fiscal Framework for Upstream Investment

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Venezuela

Industry leaders outlined how a streamlined fiscal framework replacing more than 20 legacy levies is creating project-specific investment terms as Venezuela’s production reaches 1.2 million barrels per day

LONDON, United Kingdom, July 31, 2026/APO Group/ –Industry leaders at the Venezuela Energy Week London Industry Showcase on Thursday highlighted Venezuela’s newly implemented hydrocarbons framework as a major step toward restoring the country’s competitiveness as an upstream investment destination, pointing to simplified fiscal terms, greater operational flexibility and rising production as key drivers of renewed investor interest.

Presented to international investors and industry stakeholders in London, the country’s regulatory framework establishes a combined government take as low as 20% on greenfield upstream projects through a streamlined fiscal system that replaces more than 20 legacy taxes. According to industry analysis shared during the showcase, the reforms position Venezuela among Latin America’s most competitive upstream jurisdictions.

 

The new terms, set out in implementing regulations signed into force in July, pair a variable royalty with the Integrated Hydrocarbons Tax to produce combined rates of 20% for greenfield developments and 25% for extra-heavy and diluted crude projects. The windfall tax and shadow tax – both previously identified by investors as barriers to high-CapEx developments – have been repealed.

 

Carlos Bellorin, Executive Vice President of Macro Analysis at Welligence Energy Analytics, said his firm has modeled expansion under the new framework and found Venezuela’s terms highly competitive on a global scale. Production has recovered to approximately 1.2 million barrels per day, he said, with Welligence forecasting output to reach between 1.4 million and 1.6 million barrels per day by the end of 2026.

 

“Below two million barrels per day it’s an OpEx game,” Bellorin said. “After that, you need the big companies to come in.”

 

Juan Carlos Andrade, CEO of Araya Energy Group and Director and Legal Counsel at the Venezuelan Petroleum Chamber, said the regulatory overhaul has removed constraints that previously forced operators to resolve shortcomings through contractual workarounds. Operators now have the right to trade their own barrels, manage their own cash flow and develop on-site power generation.

Below two million barrels per day it’s an OpEx game

 

“This is no longer a theory,” Andrade said. “What exists is an opportunity.”

 

Andrade projected that Productive Participation Contracts could deliver between 250,000 and 500,000 barrels per day, with mixed operating companies contributing a similar volume. Combined, these two contract structures are expected to form the foundation of Venezuela’s near-term production growth.

 

The London Industry Showcase marks the first in a series of international engagements leading up to Venezuela Energy Week 2026, taking place October 26-29 in Caracas. The event will convene government officials, international operators, investors and technology providers to examine the country’s evolving regulatory framework, upstream opportunities and long-term energy development strategy.

 

Supporting Venezuela’s Earthquake Recovery

 

Our thoughts are with the people and communities affected by the recent earthquakes in Venezuela. As the country begins the long process of recovery, we encourage members of the global energy community to support relief and reconstruction efforts through the CAF Recovery and Reconstruction Fund for Venezuela, which channels contributions from individuals, companies and organizations to emergency assistance, essential services and long-term rebuilding efforts.

 

To learn more or make a contribution, please visit the CAF Recovery and Reconstruction Fund for Venezuela (https://apo-opa.co/4xdED11).

Distributed by APO Group on behalf of Energy Capital & Power.

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Mining Review Africa Issue 4 now available for free download

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Africa

Beyond underground mining, Issue 4 shines a spotlight on water management strategies, highlighting technologies and practices that help mines improve water efficiency and sustainability

CAPE TOWN, South Africa, July 31, 2026/APO Group/ –The latest edition of VUKA Group’s (https://WeAreVuka.com/Mining Review Africa (MRA) Issue 4 is now available as a free digital magazine, featuring exclusive insights into the technologies, projects and trends shaping Africa’s mining landscape.

This issue explores the innovations transforming underground mining, with a strong focus on improving safety, productivity, and operational efficiency. Sponsored by UMS Group (https://apo-opa.co/3S81U5I) (https://UMSint.com/), the underground mining feature examines how digital technologies are reshaping modern mining operations.

DOWNLOAD MRA ISSUE 4 HERE: (https://apo-opa.co/4vVGeaP)

Leading this edition is the cover story, “Invincible Valves: Driving global growth through engineering excellence,” which highlights how the company continues to expand its international footprint through innovation and engineering expertise.

Readers can also explore a range of exclusive features, including:

  • Trinity Metals: Driving Rwanda’s critical minerals expansion (https://apo-opa.co/4xhybGE), examining the company’s role in developing one of Africa’s emerging critical minerals hubs.
  • Trident: Redefining tailings management in Africa (https://apo-opa.co/3TOKT0S), showcasing innovative approaches to safer and more sustainable tailings storage.
  • Digitising the deep: A pragmatic approach to underground mining technology (https://apo-opa.co/4x7NGkc), featuring Cementation Africa’s perspective on the practical adoption of digital solutions underground.
  • KEFI Gold: Tulu Kapi achieves liftoff (https://apo-opa.co/3S5B4Ly), providing an update on one of East Africa’s most anticipated gold developments.
  • Mental health: Under the hard hat is a human (https://apo-opa.co/4vWgmvp), exploring the growing importance of mental wellbeing across the mining industry.

Beyond underground mining, Issue 4 shines a spotlight on water management strategies, highlighting technologies and practices that help mines improve water efficiency and sustainability.

The edition also features the latest developments from East Africa, highlighting mining projects gaining momentum across the region and exploring how sustainable mining value chains can support long-term growth and industry resilience.

In addition, readers can access a special Electra Mining Africa preview, offering an early look at one of the continent’s premier mining, industrial and technology exhibitions.

Whether you are a mining executive, engineer, supplier, investor or industry professional, Mining Review Africa Issue 4 provides valuable insights into the trends and opportunities driving the sector.

Download your FREE (https://apo-opa.co/4vVGeaP) copy of Mining Review Africa Issue 4 today and stay informed with the latest developments from across Africa’s mining industry.

Distributed by APO Group on behalf of VUKA Group.

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